Creating Python's Polar Heat Map Equivalent (effectively ListDensityPolarPlot)

Question

I have a set of data that is in the form

{{\[Theta], \[Phi], r},....}

Or to make it simpler:

data={{0, 0, 3.3102}, {0, 2, 3.3102}, ..., {10, 90, 4.084}}

Alternatively, a data set can be generated by using:

data=Flatten[Table[{th,phi,RandomReal[100]},{th,0,45,2},{phi,0,90,2}],1];

Now I want to plot this data in a polar plot to get something equivalent to:

Where the text in the picture referring to different crystal planes is not important. To generate a uniform density plot, there should be some interpolation between data points but I guess that is not necessary as I can always do that in preprocessing of the data points. Now this is somewhat easily generated by using python, however I am looking for a way to generate such a plot in mathematica in attempts to keep layout consistency between my other plots.

I can easily generate a ListDensityPlot using:

ListDensityPlot[data]

That looks like (with some legends manipulation and graphics options tweaked to make it look "more presentable"):

I managed to convert the rectangular plot to a circular one using transfromation of coordinates i.e.

N[{#[[1]] Cos[#[[2]]], #[[1]] Sin[#[[2]]], #[[3]]}] & /@data

Not a 100% sure that this is correct to be honest, but I guess it is the right approach i.e. convert coordinates

But I still don't know how to add the grid lines properly, the custom legend i.e. Azimuthal Angle I guess I can always add afterwards by hand but it would be appreciated to add it while plotting too

Answer 1

Here's my trial:

SeedRandom[2020]; 
data = Flatten[Table[{th, phi, RandomReal[100]}, {th, 0, 45, 3}, 
                                                 {phi, 0, 90 Degree, 2 Degree}], 1];

func = Interpolation[data];
{{rmin, rmax}, {phimin, phimax}} = func["Domain"];
radian = 32; dphi = 15 Degree;
Legended[ParametricPlot[r {Cos[phi], Sin[phi]}, {r, rmin, rmax}, {phi, phimin, phimax}, 
   ColorFunction -> 
    Function[{x, y, r, phi}, 
     ColorData["Rainbow"]@Rescale[func[r, phi], MinMax@data[[All, 3]]]], 
   ColorFunctionScaling -> False, PlotPoints -> 50, 
   Frame -> {{True, False}, {True, False}}, PlotRangePadding -> {{1, 10}, {1, 10}}, 
   PlotRange -> {{0, rmax}, {0, rmax}}]~Show~
  PolarPlot[radian, {phi, phimin, phimax}, PolarAxes -> Automatic, 
   PolarTicks -> {"Degrees", None}, 
   PolarGridLines -> {Range[phimin, phimax, dphi], Automatic}, GridLinesStyle -> Black,
   PlotRange -> All, PlotStyle -> Transparent], 
 BarLegend[{ColorData["Rainbow"]@Rescale[#, MinMax@data[[All, 3]]] &, 
   MinMax@data[[All, 3]]}]]

The main obstacle that stops me from creating a general-purpose function is, it's not clear how PolarPlot decides the position of PolarAxes. (I ended up with finding the radian = 32; by trial and error. )