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Update: I realized that by trying to show off too many features of LTemplate, I made an overengineered mess that will sooner deter people from LTemplate then attract them. Here's a single function solution, which is 95% as good as the complicated one below, but much shorter.

template =
  LClass["CliffordAttractor2",
   {LFun["compute", {{Real, 1}, Integer (* iterations *), Integer (* 
      image width *)}, Image]}
   ];

code = "
  #include <cmath>
  
  using namespace std;
  using namespace mma;
  
  struct CliffordAttractor2 {
  
    GenericImageRef compute(RealTensorRef param, mint n, mint size) {
        massert(param.size() == 4 && size > 0);
  
        double a, b, c, d, h, w;
        a = param[0]; b = param[1]; c = param[2]; d = param[3];
        w = 1 + abs(c);
        h = 1 + abs(d);
  
        auto image = makeImage<float>(size, size * (h/w));
        std::fill(image.begin(), image.end(), 0.0f);
  
        double x = 0, y = 0;
        for (mint i=0; i < n; ++i) {
            double newx, newy;
            newx = sin(a*y) + c*cos(a*x);
            newy = sin(b*x) + d*cos(b*y);
            x = newx; y = newy;
            image( (image.rows()-1) * (y+h)/(2*h), (image.cols()-1) * (x+w)/(2*w) ) += 1;           
        }
  
        return image;
    }
  };
  ";
Export["CliffordAttractor2.h", code, "String"];

CompileTemplate[template, "CompileOptions" -> {"-ffast-math"}]

LoadTemplate[template]

cliff = Make[CliffordAttractor2];

im = cliff@"compute"[{-1.7, 1.3, -0.1, -1.2}, 100000000, 400];

Colorize[ImageAdjust[im]^0.15, 
 ColorFunction -> (Blend[{White, RGBColor[
      0.97, 0.9500000000000001, 0.79], RGBColor[
      0.97, 0.25, 0.04]}, #] &)]

Needs["LTemplate`"]
SetDirectory[$TemporaryDirectory];

template =
  LClass["CliffordAttractor",
   {LFun["init", {{Real, 1, "Constant"} (* {a,b,c,d} *), Integer (* image width *)}, "Void"],
    LFun["setState", {{Real, 1, "Constant"} (* {x,y} *)}, "Void"],
    LFun["state", {}, {Real, 1}], (* get {x,y} *)
    
    LFun["compute", {Integer (* iterations *)}, "Void"],
    LFun["image", {}, Image]}
   ];

code = "
  using namespace mma;
  
  class CliffordAttractor {
    double a = 0.0, b = 0.0, c = 0.0, d = 0.0;
    double x = 0.0, y = 0.0;
  
    ImageRef<float> *im = nullptr;
  
    double w, h; // image half-width and half-height in real coordinates
  
    void free() { 
        if (im) {
            im->free();
            delete im;
        }
    }
  
  public:
    ~CliffordAttractor() { free(); }
  
    void init(RealTensorRef param, mint size) {
        massert(param.size() == 4);
  
        a = param[0]; b = param[1]; c = param[2]; d = param[3];
        w = 1+std::abs(c);
        h = 1+std::abs(d);
  
        free();     
        im = new ImageRef<float>(makeImage<float>(size, std::ceil(size * (h/w))));
        std::fill(im->begin(), im->end(), 0.0);
    }
  
    void setState(mma::RealTensorRef state) {
        massert(state.size() == 2);
        x = state[0]; y = state[1];
    } 
  
    mma::RealTensorRef state() const { return mma::makeVector<double>({x,y}); }
  
    void compute(mint n) {
        massert(im);
        for (mint i=0; i < n; ++i) {
            double newx, newy;
            newx = std::sin(a*y) + c*std::cos(a*x);
            newy = std::sin(b*x) + d*std::cos(b*y);
            x = newx; y = newy;
            (*im)( (im->rows()-1) * (y+h)/(2*h), (im->cols()-1) * (x+w)/(2*w) ) += 1;           
        }
    }
  
    GenericImageRef image() const { return im->clone(); }
  };
  ";
Export["CliffordAttractor.h", code, "String"];

CompileTemplate[template, "CompileOptions" -> {"-O3 -ffast-math"}]

LoadTemplate[template]

Needs["LTemplate`"]
SetDirectory[$TemporaryDirectory];

template =
  LClass["CliffordAttractor",
   {LFun["init", {{Real, 1, "Constant"} (* {a,b,c,d} *), Integer (* image width *)}, "Void"],
    LFun["setState", {{Real, 1, "Constant"} (* {x,y} *)}, "Void"],
    LFun["state", {}, {Real, 1}], (* get {x,y} *)
    
    LFun["compute", {Integer (* iterations *)}, "Void"],
    LFun["image", {}, Image]}
   ];

code = "
  using namespace mma;
  
  class CliffordAttractor {
    double a = 0.0, b = 0.0, c = 0.0, d = 0.0;
    double x = 0.0, y = 0.0;
  
    ImageRef<float> *im = nullptr;
  
    double w, h; // image half-width and half-height in real coordinates
  
    void free() { 
        if (im) {
            im->free();
            delete im;
        }
    }
  
  public:
    ~CliffordAttractor() { free(); }
  
    void init(RealTensorRef param, mint size) {
        massert(param.size() == 4);
  
        a = param[0]; b = param[1]; c = param[2]; d = param[3];
        w = 1+std::abs(c);
        h = 1+std::abs(d);
  
        free();     
        im = new ImageRef<float>(makeImage<float>(size, std::ceil(size * (h/w))));
        std::fill(im->begin(), im->end(), 0.0);
    }
  
    void setState(mma::RealTensorRef state) {
        massert(state.size() == 2);
        x = state[0]; y = state[1];
    } 
  
    mma::RealTensorRef state() const { return mma::makeVector<double>({x,y}); }
  
    void compute(mint n) {
        massert(im);
        for (mint i=0; i < n; ++i) {
            double newx, newy;
            newx = std::sin(a*y) + c*std::cos(a*x);
            newy = std::sin(b*x) + d*std::cos(b*y);
            x = newx; y = newy;
            (*im)( (im->rows()-1) * (y+h)/(2*h), (im->cols()-1) * (x+w)/(2*w) ) += 1;           
        }
    }
  
    GenericImageRef image() const { massert(im); return im->clone(); }
  };
  ";
Export["CliffordAttractor.h", code, "String"];

CompileTemplate[template, "CompileOptions" -> {"-O3 -ffast-math"}]

LoadTemplate[template]

Here's a LibraryLink implementation with LTemplate.

Create class and initialize with the the desired $a,b,c,d$ parameters and image width.

clifford = Make[CliffordAttractor];    
clifford@"init"[{-1.8, -2.0, -0.5, -0.9}, 600]

Compute 50 million iterations. If the image is not of sufficient quality, more iterations can be computed without losing the old data.

clifford@"compute"[50000000] // AbsoluteTiming
(* {3.1645, Null} *)

Visualize with a custom colour function:

Colorize[
 ImageAdjust[clifford@"image"[]]^0.1,
 ColorFunction -> (Blend[{White, RGBColor[0.87, 0.94, 1], RGBColor[0.48, 0.33333, 0.66667], Red}, #] &)
 ]

Check the current $(x,y)$ value:

clifford@"state"[]
(* {-0.773525, 1.1536} *)

The library code follows. Admittedly, this could have been done with a single function that takes the parameters and returns an image. To refine the result, we could have averaged multiple returned images.

Here I wanted to demonstrate how to maintain a state within the library and update it or retrieve information about it as needed.

Needs["LTemplate`"]
SetDirectory[$TemporaryDirectory];

template =
  LClass["CliffordAttractor",
   {LFun["init", {{Real, 1, "Constant"} (* {a,b,c,d} *), Integer (* image width *)}, "Void"],
    LFun["setState", {{Real, 1, "Constant"} (* {x,y} *)}, "Void"],
    LFun["state", {}, {Real, 1}], (* get {x,y} *)
    
    LFun["compute", {Integer (* iterations *)}, "Void"],
    LFun["image", {}, Image]}
   ];

code = "
  using namespace mma;
  
  class CliffordAttractor {
    double a = 0.0, b = 0.0, c = 0.0, d = 0.0;
    double x = 0.0, y = 0.0;
  
    ImageRef<float> *im = nullptr;
  
    double w, h; // image half-width and half-height in real coordinates
  
    void free() { 
        if (im) {
            im->free();
            delete im;
        }
    }
  
  public:
    ~CliffordAttractor() { free(); }
  
    void init(RealTensorRef param, mint size) {
        massert(param.size() == 4);
  
        a = param[0]; b = param[1]; c = param[2]; d = param[3];
        w = 1+std::abs(c);
        h = 1+std::abs(d);
  
        free();     
        im = new ImageRef<float>(makeImage<float>(size, std::ceil(size * (h/w))));
        std::fill(im->begin(), im->end(), 0.0);
    }
  
    void setState(mma::RealTensorRef state) {
        massert(state.size() == 2);
        x = state[0]; y = state[1];
    } 
  
    mma::RealTensorRef state() const { return mma::makeVector<double>({x,y}); }
  
    void compute(mint n) {
        massert(im);
        for (mint i=0; i < n; ++i) {
            double newx, newy;
            newx = std::sin(a*y) + c*std::cos(a*x);
            newy = std::sin(b*x) + d*std::cos(b*y);
            x = newx; y = newy;
            (*im)( (im->rows()-1) * (y+h)/(2*h), (im->cols()-1) * (x+w)/(2*w) ) += 1;           
        }
    }
  
    GenericImageRef image() const { return im->clone(); }
  };
  ";
Export["CliffordAttractor.h", code, "String"];

CompileTemplate[template, "CompileOptions" -> {"-O3 -ffast-math"}]

LoadTemplate[template]