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You can specify ImageSize in inches. From docs > ImageSize> MoreInformation:

 Specifications for both width and height can be any of the following: 
     ...
     72di         di inches (before magnification)
     ... 

Examples:

Row[{Plot[{Sin[x], Cos[x]}, {x, -2 Pi, 2 Pi}, Frame -> True, 
AspectRatio -> 1/GoldenRatio, ImageSize -> 72 2], 
Plot[{Sin[x], Cos[x]}, {x, -2 Pi, 2 Pi}, Frame -> True, 
AspectRatio -> 1/GoldenRatio, ImageSize -> 72 3], 
Plot[{Sin[x], Cos[x]}, {x, -2 Pi, 2 Pi}, Frame -> True, 
AspectRatio -> 1/GoldenRatio, ImageSize -> 72 5]}]