Supposing you want to print from inside the loop (not waiting for the loop to finish)
you can use Grid
on each line with specified field widths:
Do[
Print@Grid[{{
RandomChoice[DictionaryLookup["*"]], "=",
RandomReal[{1, 10}]^RandomInteger[12]}},
ItemSize -> {{10, Full, 8}},
Alignment -> {{Right, Center, Right}}],
{10}]
Another approach for nicely formatted monitoring..
out = {};
Monitor[
Do[ Pause[1];
AppendTo[out, {RandomChoice[DictionaryLookup["*"]], "=",
RandomReal[{1, 10}]^RandomInteger[12]}],
{10}],
Grid[out, Alignment -> {Right, Center, Right}]]