shape = {{1, 0, 1}, {0, 1, 0}, {1, 0, 1}};
newshape[oldshape_] :=
Flatten[Table[
Table[p shape, {p, row}], {row, oldshape}], {{1, 3}, {2, 4}}]
fr = NestList[newshape, shape, 3];
Row[ArrayPlot[#, Frame -> None, ImageSize -> 200] & /@ fr, Spacer[5]]
Or
Row[ColorNegate@Image[#, ImageSize -> 200] & /@ fr, Spacer[5]]
