Using ComplexExpand command:
A = 5 t^2 + 3 t + 4;
ComplexExpand[Conjugate[A]]
For expressions within radicals, we must use the Refine command for the ComplexExpand command to work properly. Here is an example:
Without Refine command:
Simplify[ComplexExpand[Conjugate[Sqrt[a - b c]]]]
(*((a - b c)^2)^(1/4) (Cos[1/2 Arg[a - b c]] - I Sin[1/2 Arg[a - b c]])*)
With Refine command for $a-bc>0$ or $a-bc<0$
Refine[ComplexExpand[Conjugate[Sqrt[a - b c]]], Assumptions -> a - b c > 0]
(*Sqrt[a - b c]*)
Refine[ComplexExpand[Conjugate[Sqrt[a - b c]]], Assumptions -> a - b c < 0]
(*- I*Sqrt[b c - a]*)