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Initial image:

enter image description here

Target image:

enter image description here

My personal attempt was as follows, but I didn't completely clean it up. In the context, "image" refers to the initial image.

image = Import["https://i.sstatic.net/pBRwlXEf.png"];
grayImage = ColorConvert[image, "Grayscale"];
threshold = 0.5;
binaryImage = Binarize[grayImage, threshold];
smallObjectsRemoved = Opening[binaryImage, 2];
Show[image, Image[smallObjectsRemoved]]

enter image description here

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2 Answers 2

Reset to default
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You can use DeleteSmallComponents.

img = Import["https://i.sstatic.net/pBRwlXEf.png"];
ColorNegate@DeleteSmallComponents[ColorNegate@Binarize[img], 100]

enter image description here

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  • $\begingroup$ This is maybe better: neg = ColorNegate@ image; ColorNegate@ ImageMultiply[neg, Dilation[DeleteSmallComponents@ Binarize@ neg, 1]] (boundaries of lines less affected according to ImageDifference[]). (+1) $\endgroup$
    – Michael E2
    Commented Aug 2 at 16:31
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Another option is to select the smallest component by Circularity

img = Import["https://i.sstatic.net/pBRwlXEf.png"];
ColorNegate@
 SelectComponents[ColorNegate@Binarize@img, "Circularity", 1]

enter image description here

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