2
$\begingroup$

If I have a list such as:

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99,50.8814,50.8928,50.9042,50.9157,50.9271,50.9386,50.95,50.9615,50.973,50.9844,50.9959,51.0074,51.0189,51.0304,51.0419,51.0534,51.065,51.0765,51.088,51.0996,51.1111,51.1227,51.1342,51.1458,51.1573,51.1689,51.1805,51.1921,51.2037,51.2153,51.2269,51.2385,51.2501,51.2617,51.2733,51.285,51.2966,51.3083,51.3199,51.3316,51.3432,51.3549}

How can I find the first value of the list that is immediately below and closest to 50 (in this case it would be 49.9974?. I tried using closest = SelectFirst[list, # < 50 &] but it seems this does not work with list with numbers in ascending order. I do not want to use Nearest[list, 50] because I also have other list where the closest number to 50 may be the a higher number than 50 (e.g. 50.0001) and I am only interested in the closest number to 50 that is immediately lower than 50 in a list of ascending order.

Thank you!

$\endgroup$
5
  • 8
    $\begingroup$ Why not Max[Select[list, # < 50 &]]? $\endgroup$ May 17, 2020 at 3:16
  • $\begingroup$ @J.M. The reason I do not use that is because let's say I have {....49.99999,50,50.0001.....etc} then it will give me 50 rather than 49.99999. Is there any way to exclude the 50 as well as to have the number immediately below and closest to 50? $\endgroup$
    – John
    May 17, 2020 at 3:19
  • 7
    $\begingroup$ @John - if you look at the InputForm or FullForm of the result you will see that the 50. is actually 49.99999. Your "Number of digits displayed in output" is set to 6 and 49.99999 displays as 50. $\endgroup$
    – Bob Hanlon
    May 17, 2020 at 3:32
  • $\begingroup$ @BobHanlon thank you for the clarification! Then the code works! $\endgroup$
    – John
    May 17, 2020 at 3:43
  • $\begingroup$ @John if you had clarified further your question I answered previously, then you could have avoided this question being necessary (this was one part of what I had asked about in your needs for use). That said I will update the code to make this possible and post it here as an answer. :) it’s a combo (in my mind) of Select, Ordering, or Sort. $\endgroup$ May 17, 2020 at 8:21

1 Answer 1

2
$\begingroup$

Okay, so, let's see why SelectFirst worked for the greater-than case, and why Max is a better option for the less-than case, especially if we have an unordered list as our input:


lthan = Select[list, # < 50 &];
gthan = Select[list, # > 50 &];
#@lthan & /@ {Max, First, Last}
#@gthan & /@ {Min, First, Last}

(* {49.9974, 40, 49.9974} *)
(* {50.0083, 50.0083, 51.3549} *)

However, the above may not be explanative enough, so, if we wanted to use SelectFirst the list should be ordered in such a way as to allow for this. In your previous question, it was strictly descending, and so we can see the same thing here:


SelectFirst[Reverse@list, # < 50 &]

(* 49.9974 *)

And, the following might be interesting or useful to you:


MinMax /@ GatherBy[list, # < 50 &]

(* {{40, 49.9974}, {50.0083, 51.3549}} *)

Finally, using something like Position, Sort, or Ordering, we could also make an attempt at this procedure for an unordered list...but that is outside of the scope of this QA.

$\endgroup$

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