How can one use Wolfram to make diagrams like
with the arrows labeled as well (to label "mediating factors" between the causal elements)?
Mathematica Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for users of Wolfram Mathematica. It only takes a minute to sign up.
Sign up to join this communityHow can one use Wolfram to make diagrams like
with the arrows labeled as well (to label "mediating factors" between the causal elements)?
vertices = {"rush hour", "bad weather", "accident", "traffic jam", "sirens"};
edges = DirectedEdge @@@ {"rush hour" -> "traffic jam", "bad weather" -> "accident",
"accident" -> "traffic jam", "bad weather" -> "traffic jam",
"accident" -> "sirens"};
edgelabels = RandomWord["Noun", Length @ edges];
Graph[edges,
PlotTheme -> "IndexLabeled",
VertexSize -> Large,
EdgeLabels -> Thread[edges -> edgelabels]]
Use additional options to embellish the picture:
elabeling = AssociationThread[edges, edgelabels];
eSF = {Arrowheads[{{.04, .75},
{.05, .45, Graphics @ Text[Framed[Style[elabeling @ #2, 14],
FrameStyle -> None, Background -> White]]}}],
Last @ GraphElementData["Arrow"][##]} &;
coords = Drop[Join @@ Array[{ #2, (3 - #)}&, {2, 3}], {4}]
Graph[vertices, edges,
VertexLabelStyle -> 14,
ImageSize -> Large,
GraphStyle -> "IndexLabeled",
VertexSize -> .4,
EdgeShapeFunction -> eSF,
VertexCoordinates -> coords]
We can also construct the graphics primitives from scratch:
radius = Offset @ Max[(1.2/2)
Rasterize[Style[#, 14, "Graphics"], "RasterSize"][[1]] & /@ vertices];
Graphics[{{Arrowheads[{{.02, .75}, {.05, .45,
Graphics @Text[Framed[Style[elabeling @ #, 14], FrameStyle -> None,
Background -> White], {0, 0}, {0, .25}]}}],
Arrow[List @@ # /. Thread[vertices -> coords]]} & /@ edges,
FaceForm[White], EdgeForm[Gray], Disk[#, radius] & /@ coords,
MapThread[Text, {Style[#, 16] & /@ vertices, coords}]},
ImageSize -> 800, PlotRangePadding -> Scaled[.2]]
Update: From comments: "Ideally a user just supplies a list of relationships (with possible labels)..."
elist = {{"rush hour" -> "traffic jam", "empty"},
{"bad weather" -> "accident", "canyon"},
{"accident" -> "traffic jam", "sweatshirt"},
{"bad weather" -> "traffic jam", "pump"},
{"accident" -> "sirens", "nominative"}};
You can use GraphComputation`LayeredGraphPlotLegacy
or GraphComputation`GraphPlotLegacy
(if you have access to versions before v12 you can use LayeredGraphPlot
and GraphPlot
, respectively):
GraphComputation`LayeredGraphPlotLegacy[elist,
DirectedEdges -> True, EdgeLabeling -> True, VertexLabeling -> True,
ImageSize -> 500, BaseStyle -> 15, PlotStyle -> Black]
GraphComputation`GraphPlotLegacy[elist,
DirectedEdges -> True, EdgeLabeling -> True, VertexLabeling -> True,
ImageSize -> 500, BaseStyle -> 15, PlotStyle -> Black,
Method -> "LayeredDigraphDrawing"]
same picture
To render vertices as disks add the option
VertexRenderingFunction -> ({White, EdgeForm[Black], Disk[#, .3], Black, Text[#2, #1]} &)
to get
eSF
with ArrowHeads
?
$\endgroup$
– George
Aug 15 '19 at 17:56
coords
field since that lets Wolfram draw the layout.
$\endgroup$
– George
Aug 15 '19 at 18:02
eSF
takes the built-in edge shape function GraphElementData["Arrow"]
and injects the edge label into the Arrowheads
directive so that the label has the same orientation as the arrow. See Arrowheads >> Scope >> Custom Arrowheads for more examples of how custom arrowheads work. I use coords
to match the picture. In general, it is more convenient to use the built-in vertex layouts.
$\endgroup$
– kglr
Aug 15 '19 at 18:36
eSF
creates space in the edges so that the text is always legible (i.e., the edge and the edge label never overlap). The problem with the eSF
is that sometimes labels can be upside down if the nodes are configured in the right way. Is there a way to adjust the eSF
so that the labels are always rightside up (like the first graph in your answer), but the spacing in between the edges and the text is preserved so that the labels are always legible?
$\endgroup$
– George
Sep 13 '19 at 19:08
Text
(Text[expr, coords, offset, dir]
) in custom arrowheads.
$\endgroup$
– kglr
Sep 13 '19 at 20:29
r = 1; (*radius of each disk*)
(*center of each disk. Numbers left to right, top to bottom*)
c1 = {0, 0}; c2 = {r + 2, 0}; c3 = {r + 5, 0}; c4 = {r + 2, -(r + 2)};
c5 = {r + 5, -(r + 2)};
makeDisk[r_, c_] := {EdgeForm[Black],LightYellow, Disk[c, r]}(*change as needed*)
makeArrow[from_, to_, dir_] := Module[{z = Cos[Pi/4]},
Which[
dir == "right",
Arrow[{{from[[1]] + r, from[[2]]}, {to[[1]] - r, to[[2]]}}],
dir == "down",
Arrow[{{from[[1]], from[[2]] - r}, {to[[1]], to[[2]] + r}}],
dir == "right-down",
Arrow[{{from[[1]] + z, from[[2]] - z}, {to[[1]] - z, to[[2]] + z}}],
dir == "left-down",
Arrow[{{from[[1]] - z, from[[2]] - z}, {to[[1]] + z, to[[2]] + z}}]
]
];
putLabel[txt_, at_] := Style[Text[txt, at], Bold, 12]
Graphics[{
makeDisk[1, c1],
makeDisk[1, c2],
makeDisk[1, c3],
makeDisk[1, c4],
makeDisk[1, c5],
makeArrow[c2, c3, "right"],
makeArrow[c2, c4, "down"],
makeArrow[c3, c5, "down"],
makeArrow[c1, c4, "right-down"],
makeArrow[c3, c4, "left-down"],
putLabel["rush hour", c1],
putLabel["bad weather", c2],
putLabel["accident", c3],
putLabel["traffic jam", c4],
putLabel["siren", c5]
}, Axes -> False]