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As we know, Linux’s Bash shell is coming to Windows 10. Now, I want to know, how to using Run[] command or other commands to run some commands like gfortran installed in Linux of Win10 ? And, is it possible to call mathematica using Bash shell in Windows 10 ?

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As we also know from a number of sources, bash-over-windows-10 is in beta, not yet feature complete, and it is not really meant to interface with Windows apps at the moment. If you can get a command to run from a cmd shell (like, say, running bash -c "vi", which will hopefully launch a graphical vi instance) then it should work just fine through Run[]. Otherwise, you're probably asking too much from asystem that is too young at the moment. Similarly, launching a Mathematica kernel from inside bash seems unlikely to be possible anytime soon.

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Installing the Windows git-bash version from here enables a simple way to run bash under Windows 10 from Mathematica:

RunProcess[{"C:\\Program Files\\Git\\bin\\bash.exe", "-c", 
  "bash --version | head -1 | tr -d '\n'"}, "StandardOutput"]

results in

(* "GNU bash, version 4.3.46(2)-release (x86_64-pc-msys)" *)
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  • $\begingroup$ I think it's not specifically bash that he wanted, but running native Linux programs in the Windows Subsystem for Linux. $\endgroup$ – Szabolcs Feb 3 '17 at 10:25

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