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Suppose that I have a continuous function $f: [-1,1] \to \mathbb{R}$, such that $f(0) =1$. We denote with $f_+$ the function that coincides with $f$ between its first non-positive and positive roots, and vanish (i.e. it it set equal to zero) everywhere else.

  1. Is there some simple way to plot $f_+$ in Mathematica without having to determine numerically the roots of $f$?

  2. Is there some simple way to integrate numerically $f_+$ over [-1,1]?

(f can be any continuous function, take for example f(x) = sin(10x) if you wish)

UPDATE: added one further question

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  • $\begingroup$ Look for RegionFunction $\endgroup$ Commented Sep 16, 2022 at 8:44
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    $\begingroup$ Please post the expression of such function. $\endgroup$
    – cvgmt
    Commented Sep 16, 2022 at 9:18
  • $\begingroup$ When you say vanish, does it mean it goes to 0, $-\infty$ or it simply disappears from the screen? $\endgroup$
    – Syed
    Commented Sep 16, 2022 at 9:32

2 Answers 2

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Edit

Manipulate[Module[{f, roots, a, b, f1, int},
  f[x_, c_] = Sin[10 (x + c *\[Pi]/20)];
  roots = SplitBy[NSolveValues[{f[x, c] == 0, -1 <= x <= 1}, x], Sign];
  a = roots[[1, -1]];
  b = roots[[2, 1]];
  f1[x_, c_] = Piecewise[{{f[x, c], a <= x <= b}}, 0];
  int = NIntegrate[f1[x, c], {x, a, b}];
  Plot[{f[x, c], f1[x, c]}, {x, -1, 1}, 
   PlotStyle -> {Blue, Directive[Red, AbsoluteThickness[5]]}, 
   PlotLabel -> 
    Style[Framed[ToString[int]], 16, Blue, 
     Background -> Lighter[Yellow]]]], {c, -2, 2}]

enter image description here Original

Clear[f,roots,a,b,f1];
f[x_] = Sin[10 (x + π/20)];
roots = SplitBy[NSolveValues[{f[x] == 0, -1 <= x <= 1}, x], Sign]
a = roots[[1, -1]]
b = roots[[2, 1]]
f1[x_] = Piecewise[{{f[x], a <= x <= b}}, 0];
Plot[{f[x], f1[x]}, {x, -1, 1}, 
 PlotStyle -> {Blue, Directive[Red, AbsoluteThickness[5]]}]
NIntegrate[f1[x], {x, a, b}]

enter image description here

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  • $\begingroup$ That's very close to what I need, but not yet so. $f_+$ is the part between the FIRST non-positive root and the FIRST postive root (the rest being set to zero). In your example, one should also put to zero all the values for x \leq -0.2something (i.e. where the first negative zero is locate) $\endgroup$
    – Raziel
    Commented Sep 16, 2022 at 13:57
  • $\begingroup$ @Raziel Do you mean the interval between the largest non-positive root ans the smallest positive root? $\endgroup$
    – cvgmt
    Commented Sep 16, 2022 at 14:07
  • $\begingroup$ Yes, exactly. My function also depends on extra parameters, and I would like also to "Manipulate" over those parameters. Is this possible? Say: f[x_] = Sin[10 (x + a π/20)], where a is the parameter $\endgroup$
    – Raziel
    Commented Sep 16, 2022 at 14:22
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Try RegionFunction inside Plot-command:

f = Function[x, -3 (x + 1/2) (x - 1/3) (x + 2)];
(* examplary funtion*)
Plot[f[x], {x, -1, 1}, RegionFunction -> Function[x, f[x] >=  0]] 

enter image description here

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  • $\begingroup$ This plots the positive part of the function, which is different from what I asked. P.S. I also added a second question. $\endgroup$
    – Raziel
    Commented Sep 16, 2022 at 12:54
  • $\begingroup$ @Raziel Without knowing the roots one can not do more I think. $\endgroup$ Commented Sep 16, 2022 at 13:02

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