I rewrote quite a few things... manually specifying the mixture, and setting very low iteration and precision goals because it hangs for what seems like an eternity. Importantly I also specified assumptions on the distribution:
sas[\[Mu]_sas[μ_, \[Sigma]_σ_, skew_, kurt_,
z_] := ((1 + ((z - \[Mu]μ)/\[Sigma]σ)^2)^(-(1/2)) kurt Cosh[
kurt ArcSinh[(z - \[Mu]μ)/\[Sigma]]σ] -
skew] Exp[-(1/2) Sinh[
kurt ArcSinh[(z - \[Mu]μ)/\[Sigma]]σ] - skew]^2])/(Sqrt[
2 \[Pi]]π] \[Sigma]σ)
(*dist=MixtureDistribution[{p,1-p},{sas[\[Mu]1sas[μ1,\[Sigma]1σ1,skew1,kurt1],\
sas[\[Mu]2sas[μ2,\[Sigma]2σ2,skew2,kurt2]}]*)
dist[p_, \[Mu]1_μ1_, \[Mu]2_μ2_, \[Sigma]1_σ1_, \[Sigma]2_σ2_, skew1_, skew2_,
kurt1_, kurt2_] :=
ProbabilityDistribution[
p*sas[\[Mu]1p*sas[μ1, \[Sigma]1σ1, skew1, kurt1, z] + (1 - p)*
sas[\[Mu]2sas[μ2, \[Sigma]2σ2, skew2, kurt2, z], {z, -Infinity, Infinity},
Assumptions -> {\[Sigma]1σ1 > 0, \[Sigma]2σ2 > 0, skew1 >= 0,
skew2 >= 0, kurt1 >= 0, kurt2 >= 0, 0 <= p <= 1}]
param = FindDistributionParameters[data,
dist[p, \[Mu]1μ1, \[Mu]2μ2, \[Sigma]1σ1, \[Sigma]2σ2, skew1, skew2, kurt1,
kurt2], {{\[Mu]1μ1, -0.2}, {\[Sigma]1σ1, 0.7}, {skew1, 0.3}, {kurt1,
1.}, {\[Mu]2μ2, 1.5}, {\[Sigma]2σ2, 0.5}, {skew2, 0.}, {kurt2,
1.}, {p, 0.25}},
ParameterEstimator -> {"MaximumLikelihood",
Method -> {"NMaximize", PrecisionGoal -> 1, MaxIterations -> 5}}]
Show[Histogram[data, Automatic, "PDF"],
Plot[PDF[dist[p, \[Mu]1μ1, \[Mu]2μ2, \[Sigma]1σ1, \[Sigma]2σ2, skew1, skew2,
kurt1, kurt2] /. param,
z], {z, -2, 3}], PlotRange -> All]