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Bug introduced in 9.0 or earlier and fixed in 10.4.0

My code is:

DSolve[y'''[x] + (x^3 + a^3) y[x] == 0, y[x], x]

enter image description here

It should be noted that similar code not only meets the similar problem but also returns more warning messages:

DSolve[y'''[x] + (x^3 + a) y[x] == 0, y[x], x]

enter image description here

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    $\begingroup$ Bug reported internally. Thank you! $\endgroup$
    – ilian
    Jul 22, 2015 at 15:07
  • $\begingroup$ Confirmed on V9 too $\endgroup$
    – Dr. belisarius
    Jul 22, 2015 at 18:11
  • $\begingroup$ Have you tried using DifferentialRoot[] for this ODE? $\endgroup$
    – J. M.'s missing motivation ♦
    Jul 22, 2015 at 19:06
  • $\begingroup$ @J.M. The code FunctionExpand[ DifferentialRoot[ Function[{y, x}, {y'''[x] + (x^3 + a^3) y[x] == 0, y[0] == 0, y'[0] == 1, y''[0] == 1}]][x]] meets the same problem. $\endgroup$
    – WateSoyan
    Jul 23, 2015 at 2:57
  • $\begingroup$ Okay, I'd guess that what you've seen is related to what's happening within DSolve[]. But if you use the DifferentialRoot[] as is, you can still evaluate it at numerical values, yes? $\endgroup$
    – J. M.'s missing motivation ♦
    Jul 23, 2015 at 3:02

2 Answers 2

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This bug has been fixed as of Mathematica 10.4.0.

DSolve[y'''[x] + (x^3 + a^3) y[x] == 0, y[x], x]

(* {{y[x] -> DifferentialRoot[Function[{\[FormalY], \[FormalX]}, 
             {(\[FormalX]^3 + a^3)*\[FormalY][\[FormalX]] + 
         Derivative[3][\[FormalY]][\[FormalX]] == 0, \[FormalY][0] == 
        C[1], 
               Derivative[1][\[FormalY]][0] == C[2], 
       Derivative[2][\[FormalY]][0] == C[3]}]][x]}} *)
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Interested to know how this DE arises. Note that you can also use ParametricNDSolve

psol = ParametricNDSolve[{Derivative[3][y][x] + (x^3 + a^3) y[x] == 0, 
  y[0] == b, y'[0] == c, y''[0] == d}, y, {x, -3, 3}, {a, b, c, d}]

and visualize:

Manipulate[Plot[(y[a, b, c, d] /. psol)[x], {x, -3, 3}, PlotRange -> 5], 
  {a, -1, 1}, {{b, 1}, -1, 1}, {{c, 0}, -1, 1}, {{d, 0}, -1, 1}]

which is much faster than DifferentialRoot.

When $a=0$, exact solution yields 3 hypergeometric functions. The 3 linearly independent solutions are not hypergeometric otherwise. Series solution about $x=0$, or $x=-a$, could be useful, depending upon the parameter range of interest.

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  • $\begingroup$ I am interested in LaplaceTransform-invariant functions and the equation I posed above is just one class of the third-order equations that yields them. $\endgroup$
    – WateSoyan
    Aug 5, 2015 at 11:10
  • $\begingroup$ I don't see how solutions to these equations, which appear to be unbounded for large Abs[x], could be LaplaceTransform-invariant functions. Do you have a reference for this? $\endgroup$
    – TheDoctor
    Aug 7, 2015 at 5:06
  • $\begingroup$ The boundary condition is given arbitarily to test whether mathematica can solve it,so it doesn't related to my comment above. In addition,it's not hard to find that Weber function is LaplaceTransform-invariant in physical sense. $\endgroup$
    – WateSoyan
    Aug 7, 2015 at 7:20
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    $\begingroup$ I cannot see how the Weber function is LaplaceTransform-invariant, and I don't know what you mean about "in the physical sense". In the "mathematical sense" I played around in some special cases, and I looked in Tables of Laplace Transforms by Oberhettinger and Badii, which includes transforms of Weber functions, but your assertion is still not clear to me. $\endgroup$
    – TheDoctor
    Aug 7, 2015 at 8:03

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