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But I would like to know the positions of "Element 1" and "Element 2"... You can still use Position[]; things are a little more elaborate, though, due to the strings: Position[list, s_String /; StringMatchQ[s, "El*"]] {{4}, {7}} Extract[list, %] {"Element 1", "Element 2"}

A possibility: Cases[list, x_String /; StringMatchQ[x, "El*"]] {"Element 1", "Element 2"}

Select[list, StringMatchQ[ToString@#, "El" ~~ ___] &] {"Element 1", "Element 2"}

String matching works a little better. Think of each row in the board as a string on the alphabet {"0", "1"}. The "pattern" is a set of instructions to look for particular configurations of "0" on the board, because a presence of a "1" in the pattern is no restriction at all and a "0" in the pattern means there must be a corresponding "0" on the board. ...

It seems I misunderstood the question. Here's an update, which is a considerable improvement, too. It relies on Implies[x, y] being equivalent to Boole[x] (1 - Boole[y]) == 0. falsePattern = Table[False, {15}, {15}]; truePattern = Table[True, {15}, {15}]; SeedRandom[1]; randomPattern = RandomChoice[{True, False}, {15, 15}]; impliesPosition[board_, ...